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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">nature</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Природопользование</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Nature Management</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">2079-3928</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Институт природопользования НАН Беларуси</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">nature-143</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ГЕОГРАФИЯ. ГЕОЭКОЛОГИЯ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>GEOGRAPHY. GEOECOLOGY</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Оценка проявления засух на почвах сельскохозяйственных земель Белорусского Поозерья с использованием температурно-влажностных и вегетационных индексов по данным дистанционного зондирования Земли</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Assessment of drought manifestation on soils of agricultural lands of the Belarusian Lakeland using temperature-moisture and vegetation indices based on remote sensing data</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лысенко</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lysenko</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лысенко Сергей Александрович – доктор физико-математических наук, профессор, директор</p><p>ул. Ф. Скорины, 10, 220076, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Sergey A. Lysenko – D. Sc. (Physical and Mathematical), Professor, Director</p><p>10, F. Skoriny Str., 220076, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lysenko.nature@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Буяков</surname><given-names>И. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Buyakov</surname><given-names>I. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Буяков Иван Васильевич – младший научный сотрудник</p><p>ул. Ф. Скорины, 10, 220076, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ivan V. Buyakov – Junior Researcher</p><p>10, F. Skoriny Str., 220076, Minsk</p></bio><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мельник</surname><given-names>В. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Melnik</surname><given-names>V. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мельник Виктор Иванович – ведущий научный сотрудник, кандидат географических наук, доцент</p><p>ул. Ф. Скорины, 10, 220076, г. Минск</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Viktar I. Melnik – Ph. D. (Geography), Leading Researcher, Associate Professor</p><p>10, F. Skoriny Str., 220076, Minsk</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">v.melnik2016@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт природопользования НАН Беларуси</institution></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Institute of Nature Management of the National Academy of Sciences of Belarus</institution></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>22</day><month>03</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>0</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>19</fpage><lpage>35</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Лысенко С.А., Буяков И.В., Мельник В.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Лысенко С.А., Буяков И.В., Мельник В.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Lysenko S.A., Buyakov I.V., Melnik V.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.nature-journal.by/jour/article/view/143">https://www.nature-journal.by/jour/article/view/143</self-uri><abstract><p>В статье исследуются возможности определения влажности почвы на территории Белорусского Поозерья на основе микроволнового и мультиспектрального оптического зондирования Земли. Предлагается способ определения влажности почвы, основанный на дополнении результатов микроволнового зондирования Земли оценками суточных вариаций температуры подстилающей поверхности, измеряемой спутниковыми радиометрами в окне прозрачности атмосферы 10–12 мкм, и получении калибровочного уравнения на основе реанализа ERA5-Land. Предложенный способ реализован для Белорусского Поозерья на базе платформы облачных вычислений Google Earth Engine. Показано, что сопоставление текущих оценок влажности почвы, вегетационного индекса и температуры подстилающей поверхности с их минимальными и максимальными значениями для заданного времени года позволяет оценивать интенсивность засухи, ее пространственное распределение и влияние на состояние посевов. Проанализированы многолетние изменения индекса здоровья растений (VHI), рассчитываемого по нормированным значениям вегетационного индекса NDVI и температуры подстилающей поверхности, для различных месяцев вегетационного периода. Показано, что более раннее наступление вегетационного периода улучшает состояние сельскохозяйственных растений в мае, однако в последующие месяцы условия вегетации ухудшаются. В июне на всей территории Витебской области, а в июле и августе в восточной части области возрастают риски температурного и водного стресса у растений, связанные с более частым образованием мощных блокирующих антициклонов. Выявленные в работе геопространственные особенности влияния изменений климата на состояние сельскохозяйственных растений необходимо учитывать для более эффективного использования нового агроклиматического потенциала Белорусского Поозерья.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The article studies the possibilities of determining soil moisture in the territory of the Belarusian Lakeland on the basis of microwave and multispectral optical Earth sensing. The method of soil moisture determination is proposed, based on supplementing the results of microwave Earth sensing with estimates of daily variations of the land surface temperature measured by satellite radiometers in the atmospheric transparency window of 10–12 µm, and obtaining the calibration equation based on the ERA5-Land reanalysis. The proposed method has been implemented for the Belarusian Lakeland on the basis of the Google Earth Engine cloud computing platform. It is shown that comparison of current estimates of soil moisture, vegetation index and land surface temperature with their minimum and maximum values for a given time of the year allows estimating the intensity of drought, its spatial distribution and impact on the state of crops. Multiyear changes in the vegetation health index (VHI), calculated from normalised values of vegetation index NDVI and land surface temperature, were analysed for different months of the growing season. It is shown that earlier onset of the growing season improves the condition of agricultural plants in May, but in the following months the vegetation conditions deteriorate. In June in the whole territory of Vitebsk region, and in July and August in the western part of the region, the risks of temperature and water stress in plants increase due to more frequent formation of powerful blocking anticyclones. The geospatial peculiarities of climate change impact on agricultural plants revealed in this paper should be taken into account for more effective use of the new agroclimatic potential of the Belarusian Lakeland.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>изменение климата</kwd><kwd>засухи</kwd><kwd>влажность почвы</kwd><kwd>дистанционное зондирование</kwd><kwd>индекс здоровья растений</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>climate change</kwd><kwd>droughts</kwd><kwd>soil moisture</kwd><kwd>remote sensing</kwd><kwd>vegetation health index</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Признаки аридизации климата и их экосистемные проявления на территории Беларуси / В. Ф. Логинов, С. А. Лысенко, В. С. Хомич [и др.] // Известия РАН. Серия географическая. – 2021. – Т. 85, № 4. – С. 515–527.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Loginov V. 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